SELECT if (datediff(out_date,'2022-05-01')<=0,'출고완료','출고대기')
from food_order
order by order_id;
SELECT if (out_date, if(datediff(out_date,'2022-05-01') <= 0,'출고완료','출고대기'),'출고미정')
from food_order
ORDER BY order_id;
CASE
	WHEN 조건1 THEN 결과값1
	WHEN 조건2 THEN 결과값2
  ELSE 결과값3
END

참고

https://chaemi720.tistory.com/235